The topographic maps are used for the planning of a building complex, an industrial plant, a railway or a highway project as well as for irrigation projects. This map shows the horizontal distances between the features and their elevations above a given datum. The topographic features and contour lines, plotted in a certain scale, form the topographic map. hills valleys, building and roads) and contour lines. The purpose of a topographic survey is to find the necessary data for the graphical portrayal (plotting) of topographic features (s.a. It is also used to determine the configuration (topography) of the terrain. Definition and purpose: Topographic surveying is a method of determining the three-dimensional positions, on the surface of the earth, of the man made and natural features. It should be of each student's interest to play an active role in each field activity! 1. The student should realise the importance of knowledge of the practical phases of the subject and should seek to become as well grounded in the practice as possible. Like other sciences the practice of surveying is complex, and no amount of theory will make a good surveyor unless he has the necessary skills in the art of observing and is versed in field and office procedures.
Index contour how to#
The ability to hold the rod properly is as essential as the knowledge how to manipulate a level or EDM. Members of the student field practices should from day to day alternately assume the various duties involved in the fieldwork. The study of a text may serve to make one familiar with the necessary theory about methods and instruments but in surveying, as in other sciences, mastery depends to a large degree upon the length, extent and variety of experience. To become skilled in surveying operations requires a certain amount of experience in the field. On all surveys the fieldwork is of primary importance. It is expected, however, that the course will give the student a working knowledge of surveying instruments and their uses, as well as knowledge of working techniques. It is not possible, in the ordinary field courses in surveying, to develop the student into a surveying expert. Field problems, designed to give the student some practice in the elementary operations of surveying are outlined in this course later. In most surveying courses a certain amount of field practice is given in connection with the study of the text.
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